Stove



W. J. CLEMENTS Jan. 21, 1941.

STOVE Filed 001;. 14, 1938 mama Jan. 21, 1941 UNITED STATES caram STOVEWilliam J. Clements, Chicago, Ill., asaignor to Clements Mfg. 00.,Chicago, 11]., a corporation of Illinois Application October 14, 1938,Serial No. 234,977

- Claims.

My invention relates to improvements in stoves or heaters for vehiclesand the like, and has for one object to provide a new and improved formof stove which will have maximum efficiency, be

5 light and easily installed, and in which the danger of flreandexplosion is reduced to a minimum.

Other objects will appear from time to time in the course of thespecification and claims.

I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in theaccompanying drawing wherein:

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal part section of an automotive vehicle withmy stove installed;

Figure 2 is a section along the line 2--2 of Figure 1 on an enlargedscale;

Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1 on an enlarged scale;and Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary section on the line 4-4 ofFigure 1.

Like parts are indicated by like characters throughout the specificationand drawing.

Referring to the drawing, an automotive vehicle has a supporting frameI, an outer wall 2,-

' a roof 3, and partitions 4 and 5. The partition 35 bottom of thischamber is a burner ll supplied with gas or other fuel from any suitablesource of supply through the pipe l2. I3 is a duct adapted to admit coldair to support combustion. This duct terminates in a hood l4 outside thebody of the vehicle and extends up through the vehicle floor through theshelf 9 to terminate in a chamber l5 beneath the floor of the combustionchamber. Apertures l6, it lead up from the chamber l5 through the floorof 1 the combustion chamber immediately beneath the burner II, or asingle larger aperture may be used. The burner ll maybe of any suitabletype and may be employed with any suitable fuel, gas, liquifledhydrocarbon or the like. The

50 flow of fuel and thus the height of the flame may I be controlled byany suitable valve means I9.

20 is a rectangular heat transfer box It is adjacent the upper portionof the combustionchamber l0 and is connected thereto by means 86 of aflue 2| which leaves the combustion chamher at a point intermediate itstop and bottom and communicates with the box 20 at a point adjacent itsbottom. 22 is a flue discharging from the box 20 to the vertical chimneydrum 23. This chimney drum is located in the driver's compartment 3. Itdischarges at its upper end into a smoke pipe 24 extending upwardlythrough the roof of the vehicle and provided with a draft hood 25. Acold air duct extends upwardly from a draft hood 26 through the floor ofthe vehicle and connects with the chimney drum.

Whereas in the drawing the passages or pipes 23 and 24 are shown ofdifferent dimensions, it will be understood that they are preferably ofthe same capacity, the top section 24 being understood to be flattenedbut to have the same cross sectional area as the rounded part 23. Itwill be understood, of course, that the details, shapes and dimensionsof the composite flue, chimney or passage member thus provided may bevaried. The flue 22 communicates with the chimney drum at a pointintermediate its two ends.

The combustion chamber Ill and the heat box 20 are both enclosed in ajacket or casing 28.

/ This jacket or casing is open at the bottom around the combustionchamber and is expanded laterally to include the heat chamber 20, sothat cold air which enters the jacket at the bottom must pass upwardlyaround the combustion chamber, then laterally and upwardly around theheat chamber, and may be discharged through the opening 29 at the top ofthe jacket. This opening communicates with the hot air duct 30 whichextends down along the outside of the jacket and rearwardly along thefloor of the vehicle, being provided with hot air discharge ports 3|.Any suitable means such as the apertures 50 may be employed to permitadditional cold air to flow into the space about the heat box 20. 32 isa fan in line with-the aperture 29 and adapted to draw hot air out ofthe space within the furnace jacket and discharge it through the heatduct 30. 33 is the motor adapted to operate the fan.

Sleeves 34 and 35 extend outwardly from apertures 36' and 31 in the wallof the combustion chamber through the air duct. Sleeve 35 and aperture31 are closed by a removable sheet 38 bolted in position, and sleeve 34and aperture 36 by a hinged inspection door 39. Through these two doorsaccess may be had to the combustion chamber for purposes of inspection,lighting, maintenance and repair, the door 39 being translucent ortransparent, which makes it possible to inspect the burner and itsoperation under ordinary operating conditions.

The outer casing 28 contains at front and on both sides, above thecombustion chamber, shutters 40, 4| and 42, closing apertures throughwhich warm air may escape. 43 is a handle pivoted in the upper wall ofthe casing 28, carrying a disc 44 to which are connected by means oflinks 45, 46 and 41 the shutters 40, 4i and 42, so that rotation of thehandle 43 may open these shutters when it is desired to get a directflow of air into that part of the vehicle immediately adjacent thestove. By varying the degree of opening, the proportionate amount of hotair discharged through the duct and through the apertures may becontrolled, so as to adjust and control the operation of the heatingplant insofar as the transmission of hot air is concerned.

The chimney drum 23 serves to heat the driver's compartment 6.

It will be realized that whereas I have described and illustrated apractical and operative device, nevertheless many changes may be made inthe size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departing fromthe spirit of my invention. I therefore wish my description and drawingto be taken as in a broad sense illustrative and diagrammatic, ratherthan as limiting me to my precise showing.

The use and operation of my invention are as follows:

I find the stove or heating unit herein described particularly adaptableto vehicles, for example trailers, although it may be applied to otheruses. In use, cold air to support combustion flows through the duct I3.As a practical embodiment of my invention I run the duct through thebottom I of the trailer, providing a dust preventing hood H. No valve orshutter is needed in the duct I 3 since the draft is controlled by andis responsive to the volume of fuel being burned in the burner ll. Asthe amount of fuel is increased and the flame becomes larger, a largervolume of air flows upwardly through the duct I3 or, in other words, theinward flow of air through the duct 13 is increased.

The chimney duct 23, 24 is open both at top and bottom. The heatedby-products of combustion flow upwardly and outwardly through thepassage 24. Since the passages 23 and 24 both communicate with theexterior, the former below the vehicle and the latter above, the draftis unaffected by wind or by the speed of the vehicle, and in practicethe draft is completely controlled by controlling combustion in responseto the control of the volume of fuel admitted past the valve l9 to theburner. No air controlling damper is needed and the fuel consumptionregulates the draft.

The shutters 40, 4| and 42 are effective to permit the controlled escapeof hot air into the general space surrounding the stove. When the fan 32is not in operation, heated air will not circulate through the hot airoutlet 30. When the hot air circulating system proper is not inoperation and the fan is off, a certain amount of heated air may bepermitted in controlled volume to the interior of the trailer orconveyance in which the stove is mounted by opening the shutters 40, 4|and 42 and permitting the heated air to flow directly into the room.

The aperture 50 is disposed in the horizontal closing at the bottom ofthe heat transfer chamber 20 so as to insure adequate circulation of airthereby.

I claim:

1. In combination with a movable vehicle, a chimney extending from topto bottom of said vehicle and having openings in communication with theatmosphere at top and bottom, a stove including a combustion chamber andmeans for burning fuel therein, an air inlet passageextending from theexterior of the vehicle to said combustion chamber, a passage extendingfrom the combustion chamber to said chimney intermediate the ends of thechimney, an air jacket surrounding said combustion chamber and includingair inlet means whereby air from within said vehicle may pass into thespace within said jacket and about said combustion chamber, a hot airdelivery duct and means for delivering air from said space to said duct,said duct being provided with one or more air outlet openings remotefrom said combustion chamber.

2. In combination with a movable vehicle, a chimney extending from topto bottom of said vehicle and having openings in communication with theatmosphere at top and bottom, a stove including a combustion chamber andmeans for burning fuel therein, an air inlet passage extending from theexterior of the vehicle to said combustion chamber, and a passageextendin from the combustion chamber to said chimney intermediate theends of the chimney.

3. In combination with a movable vehicle, a chimney extending from topto bottom of said vehicle and having openings in communication with theatmosphere at top and bottom, a stove including a combustion chamber andmeans for burning fuel therein, an air inlet passage extending from theexterior of the vehicle to said combustion chamber, a passage extendingfrom the combustion chamber to said chimney intermediate the ends of thechimney, an air jacket surrounding said combustion chamber and includingair inlet means whereby air from within said vehicle may pass into thespace within said jacket and about said combustion chamber, a hot airdelivery duct and means for delivering air from said space to said duct,said duct being provided with one or more air outlet openings remotefrom said combustion chamber, and a fan adapted to draw hot air throughsaid hot air delivery duct, and means for actuating it.

4. In combination with a movable vehicle having a plurality ofcompartments and partitions separating them, a heating unit located inone such compartment and including a combustion chamber and asurrounding housing spaced therefrom, a chimney located inanother suchcompartment and extending from bottom to top of the vehicle and havingconnections with the atmosphere at the top and bottom thereof, anexhaust passage extending from said combustion chamber to said chimneyintermediate top and bottom of the chimney, and means for delivering hotair from the interior of said housing to the interior of the vehicle.

5. In combination with a movable vehicle, a

heating unit including a combustion chamber and housing including anopen bottom portion surrounding the bottom portion of said combustionchamber, and a generally horizontal closure portion underlying thebottom oi said heat transfer chamber, the said horizontal closureportion bein: apertured in line with the space between said heattransfer chamber and an adjacent wall of said housing, said housingincluding a cover portion overlying both said chambers, said coverportion being provided with hot air outlet passages, and means forcontrolling the passage of air therethrough.

WILLIAM J. CLEMEN'IS.

